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An investigation by American law enforcement into a doping case involving 23 Chinese swimmers could keep the United States from hosting future sporting events, the Association of Summer Olympic International Federations said Friday.

"The U.S. extraterritorial investigation raises doubts about the personal safety of athletes, sport officials and representatives of international sport organisations and the confidence with which they may travel to the U.S. for international sporting competitions and commitments," the ASOIF said in a statement. "The investigation may lead IFs [international federations] to consider the risks of allocating future international events to the U.S."

World Aquatics said last week that its executive director, Brent Nowicki, had been subpoenaed by the U.S. government to testify in an investigation into how the Chinese swimmers escaped punishment after testing positive and weeks later were allowed to compete in the Tokyo Olympics.

"The Association of Summer Olympic International Federations is greatly concerned that the leadership of one of its member International Federations has been ordered to testify as a witness in a United States federal investigation," the ASOIF said.

The results of an independent investigation into the Chinese case by Swiss prosecutor Eric Cottier released Tuesday found the World Anti-Doping Agency had not mishandled the case.

A U.S. House of Representatives committee in May called on the Department of Justice to launch inquiries ahead of this year's Paris Olympics to ensure American athletes would be competing on a level playing field.

The U.S. investigation has chilled relations between the 2028 Olympic host country and a chunk of the international sporting community, with some federations expressing concern about sending officials to the United States over fears they could be arrested.

Images of members of soccer's world governing body FIFA being arrested on U.S. corruption charges as they exited a Zurich hotel in 2015 remain fresh, and that is not a scene the International Olympic Committee or member federations would like to see repeated.

The ASOIF said it wants clarification from the U.S. Olympic and Paralympic Committee and the 2028 Los Angeles Olympic Organizing Committee regarding their position on WADA, which has come under intense criticism from United States Anti-Doping Agency chief Travis Tygart.

"Running from accountability as fast as they can. Why would any federation or athlete be afraid of telling the truth?" Tygart said in a statement when reached via email. "WADA President [Witold] Banka and his cronies fear mongering again and using scare tactics, clearly, signalling they have something to hide. The more the world learns the more troubling it is that Banka and WADA leaders allowed China to bury 23 positive tests -- it is time for answers."

Neither the USOPC nor the organizers of the 2028 Los Angeles Olympics or 2034 Salt Lake City Winter Games responded to a Reuters request for comment.

Any investigation would fall under the Rodchenkov Act legislation passed in 2020 that extends U.S. law enforcement jurisdiction to any international sporting competitions that involve American athletes or have financial connections to the United States.

Named after Grigory Rodchenkov, a former Russian anti-doping laboratory head who turned whistleblower and helped expose Russia's state-sponsored doping, the act criminalizes doping schemes intended to influence sports events and allows U.S. prosecutors to seek prison terms of up to 10 years and fines of up to $1 million.

"The U.S. criminal investigation into an anti-doping case on foreign soil, and the recent position of the U.S. Anti-Doping Agency, threaten to undermine the role and independence of WADA, and by extension, trust and confidence in the global anti-doping system and the autonomy of sporting rules and regulations," the ASOIF said.